Type of Ground Movement

There are few type of ground movement. There are sinkholes, land subsidence and swelling soils. Many factors can contribute to this kind of geohazard such as in the diagram below

•Sinkholes – occurs when overlying ground collapses into underground soil cavities over limestone.












•Land subsidence – when large amount of ground-water/petroleum are pumped out or when earthquake  causes closer repacking of sediment grains.










•Swelling soils – form by alteration of volcanic ash into clays that swell when wet.